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1) Read the following text about English as a means of international communication. Look at the words in the box, then find them in the text and underline them. What do they mean?

1. English has become a global language thanks to its establishment as a mother tongue in all continents of the world. The English language mainly owes its dominant status in the world to two factors. The first is the export of the language, which began in the 17th century, with the first settlement in North America. The second was the great growth of population in the United States, which was assisted by massive immigration in the 19th and 20 th centuries.

2. Nowadays, more and more people around the world are learning English as a second language and the way that they study it is changing. In some countries, English immersion schools have been built to create all-English environments for English learners. In these ‘English communities’, learners do all their school subjects and everyday activities, such as ordering food at the canteen, in English.

3. However, these new English speakers are not only learning the English language but they are also changing it. There are hundreds of types of English in the world today, such as ‘Singlish’, a mix of English, Malay, Mandarin, etc., or ‘Hinglish’, the Indian mix of English and Hindi. New words are being invented every day all over the world due to the free admissions of words from other languages and the easy creation of compounds and derivatives.

ĐÁP ÁN

- settlement (n) = the process of people making their homes in a place

- immersion (n) = the language teaching method in which people are put in situations where they have to use the new language for everything 

- derivatives (n) = words that have been developed from other words 

- establishment (n) = the act of starting or creating something that is meant to last for a long time 

- dominant (adj) = more important, powerful or noticeable than other things 

2a) Read the text again and match the headings (a-c) to the paragraphs (1-3). 

A. A changing language

B. A global language

C. Learning English almost 24 hours a day

ĐÁP ÁN

1. b - A global language 

2. c - Learning English almost 24 hours a day 

3. a - A changing language 

2b)  Read the text again and answer the questions.

1. What has given the English language dominance in the world today?

2. What was the great growth of population the United States in the 19th and 20th century assisted by?

3. What do English learners do in English immersion schools?

4. What is Hinglish? 

5. How are new English words being invented every day all over the world?

ĐÁP ÁN

1. It is the export of the English language and the great growth of population in the United States that has led to its dominance in the world today.

2. Mass immigration.

3. They do all their school subjects and everyday activities in English.

4. It is a blend of English and Hindi words and phrases.

5. They are being invented every day all over the world due to the free admissions of words from other languages and the easy creation of compounds and derivatives.